FOXP3 and Autoimmunity: The importance of FOXP3, the Treg master transcription factor, is well illustrated by the clinical syndrome IPEX (immunopathology, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked) resulting from a loss-of-function FOXP3 mutation and causing often-fatal autoimmunity from an absent Treg compartment [55, 102–104].