LPL and familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency: While the mutations in a series of genes have been identified to be implicated in the pathogenesis of FCS such as lipoprotein lipase (LPL), lipase maturation factor 1, apolipoprotein AV, apolipoprotein CII and glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchored high-density lipoprotein-binding protein 1, LPL mutations account for 80% cases of FCS.[2] Therefore, FCS is a type of primary hyperlipoproteinemia and is also known as type I hyperlipoproteinemia.