For example, telomere inactivation can activate p53, which leads to DNA damage and DNA repair at the end of chromosomes (Sahin et al., 2011), meanwhile, the p53–p21–DREAM–E2F/CHR pathway, in turn, down-regulates telomere maintenance and influence telomere homeostasis in cancer (Engeland, 2018; Vodicka et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and cancer.