Pseudobulk and single-cell differential expression analysis in vascular endothelial cells (arteries, veins, capillaries) identified a large number of genes significantly upregulated (DUSP5/6, PDE4B/D, EGR1, FGFR1, SMAD3/6, VEGF-A/C and APLNR) and downregulated (LDHB, ALDOA, IFITM3, TBX3 and AQP3) in DCM samples compared to donors (Fig. 7b). This evidence concerns the gene SMAD3 and familial dilated cardiomyopathy.