ALB and acute kidney injury: High NLR, neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR), neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR), neutrophil-derived enzyme myeloperoxidase, IL-8, and NETs have been reported as indicators of severe disease and poor outcomes in cardiogenic and septic shock, in acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), in disseminated intravascular coagulation, and in acute kidney injury (22, 25–42).