TNF and lymphopenia: Thus, diabetic individuals present more frequently lymphopenia and higher levels of cytokines IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, CRP, procalcitonin, and TNF-α, as well as the distinctly reduced Th1/Th2 cytokines ratios and reduced peripheral numbers of CD8+ T lymphocytes and NK cells when compared to non-diabetic individuals [35,36], which may lead to longer hospitalization time and SARS-CoV-2 shedding [37].