demonstrated that PKM2 can also act as a co-activator, which can stimulate the transactivation of HIF-1α encoding GLUT1, LDHA, and PDK1 target genes in tumor cells by combining with the transactivation domain of HIF-1α, which accelerates glucose metabolic reprogramming and cancer progression mediated by HIF-1α (93). Here, PDK1 is linked to neoplasm.