Similarly, the GLP-1R agonists, liraglutide and Exendin-4, have been shown to decrease beta-cell apoptosis and improve beta-cell insulin secretory function in isolated non-diabetic (107) and T2DM (108) human islets and in rat (109) and pig (110) islets. The gene discussed is GLP1R; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.