PTEN and breast carcinoma: John et al. used a mouse xenograft breast cancer metastasis model to show that NCKAP1 plays a critical role in invasion and metastasis by regulating WASF3 stability and function (Cowell et al., 2017), and Karthic et al. found that targeted deletion of NCKAP1 inhibited melanoma progression using a BRAF/PTEN-deficient mouse model (Swaminathan et al., 2021).