NFKB1 and Alzheimer disease: Next, we examined the NF-κB signaling pathway, and it was demonstrated that the level of IκB-α was downregulated and p-NF-κB-p65 was upregulated in the cortex and hippocampus of 3 × Tg-AD mice, while treatment of cornuside could suppress the activation of the NF-κB pathway (Figure 7a,d,e).