Remarkably, KBs increase both PGC1-α and the expression of SIRT1, and Scheibye-Knudsen et al. demonstrated how a calorie-restricted HFD and, therefore, β-OHB, was able to enhance SIRT1 activity in mice and in a cellular model of Cockayne syndrome, decelerating premature aging [118]. This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and Cockayne syndrome.