NBIA is a heterogeneous family of disorders including: PKAN caused by mutations in the gene encoding pantothenate kinase 2 (PANK2); neuroferritinopathy caused by a mutation in the ferritin light chain gene (FTL); NBIA type 2, associated with mutations in the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 gene (PLA2G6); ACP, associated with mutations in the ceruloplasmin gene (CP); and other subtypes with no specific clinical or MRI specific patterns identified [12,13]. The gene discussed is PNPLA2; the disease is pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration.