Although progress has been achieved in the treatment, the overall survival rate of lung cancer patients is very low and current therapies based on EGFR inhibition exerted by specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors as gefitinib and erlotinib (I generation) or afatinib and dacomitinib (II generation) are not decisive due to the appearance of new EGFR mutations and to side effects. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is lung cancer.