Several CFAP family genes were associated with cilia and flagella abnormalities in human and mutant mouse models, including CFAP43, CFAP44, CFAP58, CFAP61, CFAP65, CFAP69, CFAP70, and CFAP251, are associated with flagellum biogenesis and morphogenesis, when mutant, caused MMAF and male infertility [30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37]. Here, CFAP44 is linked to male infertility.