In a Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced model of diabetes in rats, the vascular changes, density of α-SMA-positive cells, extensively vacuolated cells, inflammatory cells infiltrated and tubular interstitial fibrosis are evident in the diabetic kidney [53] indicating that the model rats held obvious pathological damage and developed renal fibrosis. The gene discussed is ACTA1; the disease is renal fibrosis.