In relation to memantine, it is found to upregulate BDNF expression [241], an effect supported to mediate memantine-induced enhancement of vascularization and recovery from stroke [242]; prevention of plasticity and memory impairment in a model of dopaminergic neurotoxin-induced Parkinson’s disease [243]; and antidepressant action counteracting chronic unpredictable stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, and oxidative stress [244]. Here, BDNF is linked to Parkinson disease.