CXCR4 and neoplasm: To summarize, our results suggest that certain CAF-derived soluble factors downregulated the expression of CXCR3 on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and CCR5 on CD8+ T cells and upregulated the expression of CXCR4 on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, which affect their migratory capacity towards tumor cells (Figure 6A).