The inhibiting of crosstalk between MSCs and tumour-initiating cells (TIC) disrupts the CXCL10–CXCR3 axis and sensitizes tumour cells to chemotherapy, mainly by targeting TICs residing in the treated tumour. Based on the ability of MSCs to specifically home to tumours and target the TIC population, the use of MSC-derived nanovesicles as “Trojan horses” is presented as a strategy to overcome resistance, especially in desmoplastic cancers such as pancreatic adenocarcinomas. This evidence concerns the gene CXCR3 and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.