In terms of pre-metastatic involvement, pancreatic cancer models have been shown to secrete extracellular vesicles that influence NK cells in a myriad of ways, including decreased levels of CD71 and CD98, impaired glucose uptake ability, and significant NKG2D, CD107a, TNF-α, and INF-γ downregulation. Here, TNF is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.