Tumor cells and CAFs produce microenvironmental factors, such as RANTES (Regulated on Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed and Secreted) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL-2) chemoattractants, which mediate the recruitment of Th17 cells, and IL-23 and TGF-β, which are important factors of Th17 cell differentiation and generation. This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and neoplasm.