PTGS2 and diabetes mellitus: Analysis of the levels of gene expression for inflammatory mediators and diabetes-associated signaling factors, including COX-2, chemokine ligand 5 (CCL-5), IL-6, LEP, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP5), insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS-2), forkhead box G1 (FOXG1), and IL-33 in Non-T2D, Pre-T2D, and T2D IPFP-ASCs demonstrated significant increases in the mRNA levels for both COX-2 and CCL-5 in undifferentiated Pre-T2D samples compared to non-T2D and T2D samples (Figure 3A,B).