NOX4 and Hyperoxaluria: While some authors have reported an up-regulation of Nox4 expression in hyperoxaluria [43] and that Nox4 has been associated to oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy and renal injury, our data are consistent with those in earlier studies suggesting no contribution of vascular Nox4 to kidney oxidative stress and showing lower levels of Nox4 coupled to impaired Nox4-derived H2O2 generation in preglomerular arteries from obese rats [6] and a reduced expression of renal tubule Nox4 and H2O2 generation in hyperglycemic type 1 diabetic mice and other models of chronic kidney disease [44].