Furthermore, logistic regression analysis showed that participants with IGF-1 ≤ 82.00 ng/mL had an OR of 2.275 (95% CI 0.993–5.324; p = 0.052) for LS adjusted by osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and the propensity score estimated from sex, age, and BMI (Table 5). Here, IGF1 is linked to osteoporosis.