Nearly all drug indications with OS benefit (n = 65) had shown the benefit before market authorization in China (OS data matured after NMPA approval for the following 3 indications: crizotinib in ALK mutation–positive advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer, alectinib in ALK mutation–positive advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer, and bortezomib for mantle-cell lymphoma). Here, ALK is linked to mantle cell lymphoma.