Importantly, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of a total of 526 ESCC patients showed that ESCC patients with high expression levels of cytoplasmic PURα had a lower survival rate than those with low PURα (Fig. 1G), implying that cytoplasmic PURα is linked to ESCC progression. The gene discussed is PURA; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.