The recent studies on animal models of myocardial infarction, I/R, and diabetes or obesity-induced cardiac remodeling reported that DPP4i significantly reduced hypertrophy, left ventricular interstitial, and periarterial fibrosis as evidenced by decreased expression of TGF-β, collagen, and components of cAMP/PKA/RhoA/ROCK2 pathway. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.