HBB and anemia (phenotype): There are over 280 mutations that affect the β-globin gene, resulting in a phenotype of β-thalassemia; a vast majority are point mutations in certain regions of the beta-globin gene that are important in terms of function.2 The clinical and laboratory findings are the basis for defining the three classifications of β-thalassemia: β-thalassemia minor, also referred to as carrier, is the heterozygous state that has no symptoms and manifests as mild anemia.