We found that in vitro, ~ 20–25% of intracellular parasites will be cleared by neurons in an IFN-γ, IRG-dependent manner, while other groups have shown that IFN-γ stimulated murine astrocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts have higher rates of Irga6+ loading (50–75%) and clearance over a much shorter time (1–2 h post-infection)33,59,60. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is infection.