However, we only found that the individual GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes and combined effects of the two genes are associated with increased leukemia risk in Asians, especially in the East Asian population, and the combined effects of the two genes are also associated with increased leukemia risk in Indians when we used the FPRP and BFDP values. Here, GSTM1 is linked to leukemia.