Moreover, apoA-II (OR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.54–0.88, p = 0.003) and apoB/non–HDL-C (OR = 0.75, 95%CI:0.60–0.94, p = 0.011) resulted as independent protective factors in the occurrence of type 2 diabetes, DR, and the severity of DR (Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene APOB and type 2 diabetes mellitus.