INS and hypertensive disorder: In the stratified analysis, we can see that between different stratifications (age, gender, different HbA1c, gas tamponade, hypertension, posterior vitreous detachment, reoperation, MIVS, postoperative complications), oral medication plus insulin may exacerbate DME, although there is no statistical difference, the direction of the effect value is biased towards exacerbating DME.