In an Ang II-infused hypertensive mouse model, Cx43 delocalization was obvious, while adoptive transfer of Treg cells induced normal Cx43 localization at the intercalated disk regions (Kvakan et al., 2009), which indicated that a reduced proportion of Treg cells in patients with AF might promote electrical remodeling by controlling Cx43 (Sulzgruber et al., 2017). Here, AGT is linked to atrial fibrillation.