In summary, Chinese patients with HCC usually had a high prevalence of cirrhosis and HBV infection, and those who met the “Up-to-seven” criteria and had AFP of < 1000 ng/mL had better OS and DFS than the other groups, including those who met the Milan criteria, allowing 28.9% of patients who did not meet the Milan criteria to benefit from OLT. This evidence concerns the gene AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma.