It has been reported that extracellular S100A8/A9 proteins secreted by myeloid-derived suppressor cells promote leukocyte recruitment, angiogenesis, tumor migration, and formation of pre-metastatic niches in distal metastatic organs through activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways (22). The gene discussed is IGKV1D-22; the disease is neoplasm.