High serum levels of CCL3, CCL4 (158), CCL28 (159), CXCL5 (160), CXCL8 (42, 161), and CXCL13 (92) as well as expression of CXCL16 mRNA (162) indicate an adverse prognosis in CRC patients. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and colorectal carcinoma.