HMOX1 and Familial prostate cancer: Another study indicated that the induction of androgen-independent prostate cancer cell apoptosis by puerarin is associated with the suppression of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, and puerarin pretreatment resulted in an increase in Keap1 and decline in Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 protein expression [22].