It was found that miRNA-149 was highly expressed in PCa and could distinguish PCa and BPH with an AUC of 0.806, which was consistent with the results of Bryant et al. The AUC of PSA combined with miRNA-149 in distinguishing PCa from BPH was 0.96, and both sensitivity and specificity were 91%. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and posterior cortical atrophy.