HIF1A and renal carcinoma: HIF-1α polymorphisms (1772C > T and 1790G > A) in the N-terminal transactivation domain increase significantly the transcriptional activity of HIF-1α and have been linked to the poor treatment outcomes in various malignancies including lung, breast, oral, prostate, cervical and renal cancers.10 The C1772T (P582S) polymorphism of the HIF-1α gene was reported to be correlated with the elevated levels of HIF-1α, lymph node metastasis, and high histological grade in breast cancer.11