In IPF fibroblasts subjected to UCP2 silencing, we observed an increase in cell proliferation with a concomitant induction of cyclin D1 and phosphorylated Rb, while the expression of myofibroblast differentiation markers, α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and collagen 1a1 (COL1a1) was reduced (Figure 5a–f). The gene discussed is COL1A1; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.