Secondly, as suggested by other Authors, HCMV infection may affect host gene expression including DCX. In particular, increased levels of DCX was found in both HCMV-infected neural stem cells and histological sections from fetuses with polymicrogyria/lissencephaly by contrast with uninfected controls (Rolland et al. 2016, 2021). The gene discussed is DCX; the disease is lissencephaly spectrum disorders.