Dedicated PRRs, like TLR3, RIG-I, Melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), and Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-Stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING) recognize viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and dsDNA, and are important sensors for infections with RNA and DNA viruses, as well as infections with retroviruses [1–3]. The gene discussed is TLR3; the disease is infection.