NLRP3 and diabetes mellitus: While monocytes were previously found to require at least LPS concentrations of 100 EU per mL for [Ca2+]ex-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation [26], we show here that the response of macrophages in obesity occurs already in a very low LPS concentration range which is comparable to what has been reported for postprandial LPS levels in the serum of people with obesity and diabetes [50].