Therefore, delivery of miR-548 to recipient HCAEC may engage the HMGB1 pathways and therefore reduce proliferation and tube formation, Our results also indicate that all of the miRNAs that were reported to induce angiogenesis in coronary endothelium post-ischemia (14) are, in fact, not detectable in our EV populations and perhaps it is not surprising that the functional miRNA cargo in our vesicles do not support pro-angiogenic mechanisms (Figure 7). This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and ischemia.