Finally, Bowe and colleagues have demonstrated a positive correlation between third trimester kisspeptin levels and oral glucose–stimulated insulin levels at 60 minutes (r2 = 0.18; P < 0.0001) and AUC serum insulin over the OGTT (r2 = 0.13; P=0.0013) in women with GDM (47). Here, INS is linked to gestational diabetes.