EDN1 and gestational diabetes: Serum ET-1 level in GDM was significantly higher compared to controls (Al-Ofi et al., 2021), while both Swiderski and Beata Telejko, et al. showed that plasma ET-1 levels in women with GDM were not significantly different from those observed in pregnant women without GDM (Telejko et al., 2009; Swiderski et al., 2010).