Notably, due to low levels of caspase-1 p20 in BMDMs-Gbpchr3−/−,chr5−/− cells, we were unable to detect significant inflammasome activation in these cells during infection with the ΔyspE2, as well as the strains producing YspE1/YspE2 (Fig. 7j, l), suggesting GBPs are required for Y. pestis induced inflammasome activation. Here, CASP1 is linked to infection.