Of the top 15 features that could segregate Shigella with dysentery and Shigella without dysentery (Fig. 6A and B), GM-CSF was the strongest immune marker for Shigella with dysentery, while the cytokines IL-16, IL-1β, and IFN-γ and antibodies against LPS1b (IgG and IgA) and LPS2a IgA had the strongest associations with absence of dysentery (Fig. 6B). This evidence concerns the gene IL16 and dysentery.