These interventions include the use of the PDK4 inhibitor dichloroacetate (Le Page et al., 2015), and chemical inhibition of FoxO1 transcriptional activity (which drives increased PDK4 expression in type 2 diabetes) (Gopal et al., 2021), both of which improved diastolic function in diabetic rodents. Here, PDK4 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.