IL-17 in developing tumors was found to have a negative correlation with survival, enhanced tumor development, or poor prognosis in numerous tumor types including breast cancer, head and neck, ovarian, prostate, and colorectal cancer (64–67) yet anti-tumor benefits have also been identified in and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (68, 69). Here, IL17A is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.