AKT1 and osteoporosis: Chlorogenic acid, the active ingredient of HPASD, has been reported to increase femoral bone mineral density and promote osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells by activating PI3K/AKT pathway (Zhou et al., 2016), and Puerarin was proved to stimulate the human osteoblast differentiation and prevent osteoporosis by activating the PI3K/AKT (Wang et al., 2013).